Articles

We introduce recurrent neural network- based Minimum Translation Unit (MTU) models which make predictions based on an unbounded history of previous bilin- gual contexts. Traditional back-off n-gram models suffer under the sparse nature of MTUs which makes estimation of high- order sequence models challenging. We tackle the sparsity problem by …...

Given a pair of source and target language sentences which are translations of each other with known word alignments between them, we extract bilingual phrase-level segmenta- tions of such a pair. This is done by identi- fying two appropriate measures that assess the quality of phrase segments, one on the …...

We present a novel Undirected Machine Translation model of Hierarchical MT that is not constrained to the standard bottom- up inference order. Removing the order- ing constraint makes it possible to condi- tion on top-down structure and surround- ing context. This allows the introduc- tion of a new class of …...

Linguist Code Switching (LCS) is a situation where two or more languages show up in the context of a single conversation. For example, in English- Chinese code switching, there might be a sentence like “· ‚15© ¨ � k ‡meeting (We will have a meeting in 15 minutes)”. Traditional machine …...

We present a novel approach for creat- ing sense annotated corpora automatically. Our approach employs shallow syntactico- semantic patterns derived from linked lex- ical resources to automatically identify in- stances of word senses in text corpora. We evaluate our labelling method intrinsically on SemCor and extrinsically by using au- tomatically …...

We address the problem of automatically attributing quotations to speakers, which has great relevance in text mining and me- dia monitoring applications. While cur- rent systems report high accuracies for this task, they either work at mention- level (getting credit for detecting uninfor- mative mentions such as pronouns), or as- …...

In natural language processing (NLP) an- notation projects, we use inter-annotator agreement measures and annotation guide- lines to ensure consistent annotations. However, annotation guidelines often make linguistically debatable and even somewhat arbitrary decisions, and inter- annotator agreement is often less than perfect. While annotation projects usu- ally specify how to …...

Kintsch and van Dijk proposed a model of human comprehension and summarisa- tion which is based on the idea of pro- cessing propositions on a sentence-by- sentence basis, detecting argument over- lap, and creating a summary on the basis of the best connected propositions. We present an implementation of that …...

We present an approach to text simplifi- cation based on synchronous dependency grammars. The higher level of abstraction afforded by dependency representations allows for a linguistically sound treatment of complex constructs requiring reorder- ing and morphological change, such as conversion of passive voice to active. We present a synchronous grammar …...

Biomedical event extraction from arti- cles has become a popular research topic driven by important applications, such as the automatic update of dedicated knowl- edge base. Most existing approaches are either pipeline models of specific classi- fiers, usually subject to cascading errors, or joint structured models, more efficient but also …...

We introduce a supervised model for predicting word importance that incorporates a rich set of features. Our model is superior to prior approaches for identifying words used in human summaries. Moreover we show that an extractive summarizer using these estimates of word importance is comparable in automatic evaluation with the …...

Surface realisations typically depend on their target style and audience. A challenge in estimating a stylistic realiser from data is that humans vary significantly in their sub- jective perceptions of linguistic forms and styles, leading to almost no correlation be- tween ratings of the same utterance. We ad- dress this …...

This paper investigates redundancy detec- tion in ESL writings. We propose a mea- sure that assigns high scores to words and phrases that are likely to be redundant within a given sentence. The measure is composed of two components: one cap- tures fluency with a language model; the other captures …...

We present a weakly-supervised induc- tion method to assign semantic informa- tion to food items. We consider two tasks of categorizations being food-type classi- fication and the distinction of whether a food item is composite or not. The cate- gorizations are induced by a graph-based algorithm applied on a large …...

In this paper, we propose to use seman- tic knowledge from Wikipedia and large- scale structured knowledge datasets avail- able as Linked Open Data (LOD) for the answer passage reranking task. We represent question and candidate answer passages with pairs of shallow syntac- tic/semantic trees, whose constituents are connected using …...

AbstractA treebank is an important language resource for supervised statistical parsers. The parser induces the grammatical properties of a language from this language resource and uses the model to parse unseen data automatically. Since developing such a resource is very time-consuming and tedious, one can take advantage of already extant …...

AbstractIn this paper we present S-pot, a benchmark setting for evaluating the performance of automatic spotting of signs in continuous sign language videos. The benchmark includes 5539 video files of Finnish Sign Language, ground truth sign spotting results, a tool for assessing the spottings against the ground truth, and a …...

AbstractWe present the process of building linguistic corpora of the Portuguese-related Gulf of Guinea creoles, a cluster of four historically related languages: Santome, Angolar, Principense and Fa d’Ambô. We faced the typical difficulties of languages lacking an official status, such as lack of standard spelling, language variation, lack of basic …...

AbstractThis paper introduces a set of freely available, open-source tools for Turkish that are built around TRmorph, a morphological analyzer introduced earlier in Coltekin (2010). The article first provides an update on the analyzer, which includes a complete rewrite using a different finite-state description language and tool set as well …...

AbstractThe European project NewsReader develops technology to process daily news streams in 4 languages, extracting what happened, when, where and who was involved. NewsReader does not just read a single newspaper but massive amounts of news coming from thousands of sources. It compares the results across sources to complement information …...