Articles

. A new bilingual dictionary can be built using two existing bilingual dictionaries, such as Japanese-English and English-Chinese to build Japanese-Chinese dictionary. However, Japanese and Chinese are nearer languages than English, there should be a more direct way of doing this. Since a lot of Japanese words are composed of …...

. One of issues in the bootstrapping for named entity recogni- tion is how to control annotation errors introduced at every iteration. In this paper, we present several heuristics for reducing such errors using external resources such as WordNet, encyclopedia and Web documents. The bootstrapping is applied for identifying and …...

. Biomedical named entity recognition (NER) is a difficult problem in biomedical information processing due to the widespread am- biguity of terms out of context and extensive lexical variations. This pa- per presents a two-phase biomedical NER consisting of term boundary detection and semantic labeling. By dividing the problem, we …...

. This paper describes an automatic summarization approach that constructs a summary by extracting the significant sentences. The approach takes advantage of the cooccurrence relationships between terms only in the document. The techniques used are principal compo- nent analysis (PCA) to extract the significant terms and singular value decompostion (SVD) …...

. Ordering information is a difficult but a important task for natural language generation applications. A wrong order of information not only makes it difficult to understand, but also conveys an entirely different idea to the reader. This paper proposes an algorithm that learns orderings from a set of human …...

. This paper proposes a variation of synchronous grammar based on the formalism of context-free grammar by generalizing the first component of productions that models the source text, named Constraint-based Synchronous Grammar (CSG). Unlike other synchronous grammars, CSG allows multiple target productions to be associated to a single source production …...

. We propose a phrase-based context-dependent joint probability model for Named Entity (NE) translation. Our proposed model consists of a lexical mapping model and a permutation model. Target phrases are generated by the context-dependent lexical mapping model, and word reordering is per- formed by the permutation model at the phrase …...

. Katakana, Japanese phonogram mainly used for loan words, is a trou-blemaker in Japanese word segmentation. Since Katakana words are heavily domain-dependent and there are many Katakana neologisms, it is almost impossible to construct and maintain Katakana word dictionary by hand. This paper proposes an automatic segmentation method of Japanese …...

. This paper argues for the necessity of zero pronoun annotations in Korean treebanks and provides an annotation scheme that can be used to de- velop a gold standard for testing different anaphor resolution algorithms. Rele- vant issues of pronoun annotation will be discussed by comparing the Penn Ko- rean …...

. The merit of phrase-based statistical machine translation is often reduced by the complexity to construct it. In this paper, we ad- dress some issues in phrase-based statistical machine translation, namely: the size of the phrase translation table, the use of underlying transla- tion model probability and the length of …...

. Fixed multiword expressions are strings of words which to- gether behave like a single word. This research establishes a method for the automatic extraction of such expressions. Our method involves three stages. In the first, a statistical measure is used to extract candidate bi- grams. In the second, we …...

. Recognition of Multi-word Expressions (MWEs) and their relative compositionality are crucial to Natural Language Processing. Various statistical techniques have been proposed to recognize MWEs. In this paper, we integrate all the existing statistical features and in- vestigate a range of classifiers for their suitability for recognizing the non-compositional Verb-Noun …...

. This paper proposes a lexicon-constrained character model that com- bines both word and character features to solve complicated issues in Chinese morphological analysis. A Chinese character-based model constrained by a lexicon is built to acquire word building rules. Each character in a Chinese sen- tence is assigned a tag …...

. This paper proposes a chunking strategy to detect unknown words in Chinese word segmentation. First, a raw sentence is pre-segmented into a sequence of word atoms 1 using a maximum matching algorithm. Then a chunking model is applied to detect unknown words by chunking one or more word atoms …...

. Converting questions to effective queries is crucial to open-domain question answering systems. In this paper, we present a web-based unsupervised learning approach for transforming a given natural-language question to an effective query. The method involves querying a search engine for Web passages that contain the answer to the question, …...

. In this paper, we explore the syntactic relation patterns for open- domain factoid question answering. We propose a pattern extraction method to extract the various relations between the proper answers and different types of question words, including target words, head words, subject words and verbs, from syntactic trees. We …...

. This paper presents a definition question answering approach, which is capable of mining textual definitions from large collections of documents. In order to automatically identify definition sentences from a large collection of documents, we utilize the existing definitions in the Web knowledge bases in- stead of hand-crafted rules or …...

. One important component of interactive systems is the gen- eration component. While template-based generation is appropriate in many cases (for example, task oriented spoken dialogue systems), inter- active question answering systems require a more sophisticated approach. In this paper, we propose and compare two example-based methods for generation of …...

. In this paper, we present an empirical study that utilizes morph-syntactical information to improve translation quality. With three kinds of language pairs matched according to morph-syntactical similar- ity or difference, we investigate the effects of various morpho-syntactical information, such as base form, part-of-speech, and the relative positional information of …...

. This paper proposes an approach to improve statistical word align- ment with ensemble methods. Two ensemble methods are investigated: bagging and cross-validation committees. On these two methods, both weighted voting and unweighted voting are compared under the word alignment task. In addi- tion, we analyze the effect of different …...