Articles

We introduce an approach to the automatic ac- quisition of new concepts from natural language texts which is tightly integrated with the under- lying text understanding process. The learning model is centered around tile 'quality' of differ- ent forms of linguistic and conceptual evidence which underlies the incremental generation and …...

We report in this paper the observation of one tokenization per source. That is, the same critical fragment in different sentences from the same source almost always realize one and the same of its many possible tokenizations. This observation is demonstrated very helpful in sentence tokenization practice, and is argued …...

In this paper we examine how the differences in modelling between different data driven systems performing the same NLP task can be exploited to yield a higher accuracy than the best indi- vidua| system. We do this by means of an ex- periment involving the task of morpho-syntactic wordclass tagging. …...

A critical path in the development of natural language understanding (NLU) modules lles in the difficulty of defining a mapping from words to semantics: Usually it takes in the order of years of highly-skilled labor to de- velop a semmltic mapping, e.g., in the form of a semantic grammar, that …...

This paper presents a new model for word align- ments between parallel sentences, which allows one ~o accurately estimate different parameters, in a computationally efficient way. An applica- tion of this model to bilingual terminology ex- traction, where terms are identified in one lan- guage and guessed, through the alignment …...

We introduce an algorithm for scope resolution in underspecified semantic representations. Scope pref- erences are suggested on the basis of semantic argu- ment structure. The major novelty of this approach is that, while maintaining an (scopally) underspec- ified semantic representation, we at the same time suggest a resolution possibility. The …...

This paper presents a method for extracting sub.cor.pora documenting different subcate- gorlzatlon frames for verbs, nouns, and adjectives in the 100 mio. word British National Corpus. The extraction tool consists of a set of batch files for use with the Corpus Query Processor (CQP), which is part of the IMS …...

This paper proposes an input-splitting method for translating spoken-language which includes many long or ill-formed expressions. The pro- posed method splits input into well-balanced translation units based on a semantic distance calculation. The splitting is performed dur- ing left-to-right parsing, and does not degrade translation efficiency. The complete translation result …...

Two trends are evident in the recent evolution of the field of inforlnation extraction: a preference for simple, often corpus-driven techniques over linguistically sophisticated ones; and a broaden- ing of the central problem definition to include many non-traditional text domains. This devel- opment calls for information extraction systems which are …...

We developed a Japanese morphological analyzer that uses the co-occurrence of words to select the correct sequence of words in an unsegmented Japanese sentence. The co-occurrence information can be obtained from cases where the system incorrectly analyzes sentences. As the amount of information increases, the accuracy of the system increases …...

To segment texts in thematic units, we present here how a basic principle relying on word distribution can be applied on different kind of texts. We start from an existing method well adapted for scientific texts, and we propose its adaptation to other kinds of texts by using semantic links …...

In this paper we deal with several kinds of anaphora in unrestricted texts. These kinds of anaphora are pronominal references, surface- count anaphora and one-anaphora. In order to solve these anaphors we work on the output of a part-of-speech tagger, on which we automatically apply a partial parsing from the …...

In wide-coverage lexicalized grammars many of the elementary structures have substructures in common. This means that in conventional pars- ing algorithms some of the computation associ- ated with different structures is duplicated. In this paper we describe a precompilation tech- nique for such grammars which allows some of this computation …...

In this paper we present the results of the combination of stochastic and rule-based disambiguation methods applied to Basque languagel. The methods we have used in disambiguation are Constraint Grammar formalism and an HMM based tagger developed within the MULTEXT project. As Basque is an agglutinative language, a morphological analyser …...

In this paper we present an ambiguity preserv- ing translation approach which transfers am- biguous LFG f-structure representations. It is based on packed f-structure representations which are the result of potentially ambiguous utterances. If the ambiguities between source and target language can be preserved, no un- packing during transfer is …...

This paper describes a spelling correction system that functions as part of an intelligent tutor that car- ries on a natural language dialogue with its users. The process that searches the lexicon is adaptive as is the system filter, to speed up the process. The basis of our approach is …...

We introduce a first-order language for seman- tic underspecification that we call Constraint Language for Lambda-Structures (CLLS). A A- structure can be considered as a A-term up to consistent renaming of bound variables (a- equality); a constraint of CLLS is an underspec- ified description of a A-structure. CLLS solves a …...

A layered approach to information retrieval permits the inclusion of multiple search en- gines as well as nmltiple databases, with a natural language layer to convert English queries for use by the various search en- gines. The NI,P layer incorporates mor- phological analysis, noun phrase syntax, and semantic expansion based …...

We present two approaches for syntactic and se- mantic transfer based on LFG f-structures and compare the results with existing co-description and restriction operator based approaches, fo- cusing on aspects of ambiguity preserving trans- fer, complex cases of syntactic structural mis- matches as well as on modularity and reusabil- ity. …...

This paper presents out work on accumulation of lexical sets which includes acquisition of dictionary resources and production of new lexical sets from this. The method for the acquisition, using a context-free syntax-directed translator and text modification techniques, proves easy-to-use, flexible, and efficient. Categories of production are analyzed, and basic …...