Articles

Lexical pattern matching and text extraction is an essential component of many Natural Language Processing applications. Following the language hierarchy first conceived by Chomsky, it is commonly accepted that simple phrasal patterns should he categorised under the class of Regular Language (RL). There are 3 operations in RL - Union, …...

Many information retrieval(IR) systems retrieve relevant documents based on exact matching of keywords between a query and documents. This method degrades precision rate. In order to solve the problem, we collected semantically related words and assigned semantic relationships used in general thesaurus and a special relationship called keyfact term(FT) manually. …...

. In the course of four evaluations in the Advanced Research Projects Agency Machine Translation series, evaluation methods have evolved for measuring the core components of a diverse set of systems. This paper describes the methodologies in terms of the most recent evaluation of research and production MT systems, and …...

Factors for success and failure in Machine Translation are extracted from an analysis of the 50 years history of MT. Situations are different in various types of MT (MT for watchers, for revisors, for translators, for authors). Success or failure may be judged at several levels, conceptual, engineering, operational, commercial, …...

This paper presents a grammar formalism de- signed for use in data-oriented approaches to lan- guage processing. It goes on to investigate ways in which a corpus pre-parsed with this formalism may be processed to provide a probabilistic lan- guage model for use in the parsing of fresh texts....

This paper describes the use of statistical analyses of untagged corpora to detect similarities and differences in the mean- ing of words in text. This work is mo- tivated by psychological as well as by computational issues. The limitations of the method of cluster analysis in as- sessing the success …...

Both anaphora resolution and preposi- tional phrase (PP) attachment are the most frequent ambiguities in natural lan- guage processing. Several methods have been proposed to deal with each phe- nomenon separately, however none of proposed systems has considered the way of dealing both phenomena We tackle this issue here, proposing …...

In this paper we present a semantic study of motion complexes (ie. of a mo- tion verb followed by a spatial preposi- tion). We focus on the spatial and the temporal intrinsic semantic properties of the motion verbs, on the one hand, and of the spatial prepositions, on the other …...

This paper proposes a corpus-based language model for topic identification. We analyze the association of noun-noun and noun-verb pairs in LOB Corpus. The word association norms are based on three factors: 1) word importance, 2) pair co-occurrence, and 3) distance. They are trained on the paragraph and sentence levels for …...

This paper presents an analysis of tem- poral anaphora in sentences which con- tain quantification over events, within the framework of Discourse Representa- tion Theory. The analysis in (Partee, 1984) of quantified sentences, introduced by a temporal connective, gives the wrong truth-conditions when the tempo- ral connective in the subordinate …...

In this paper we show how to use the so- called aggregation technique to remove redundancies in the fact base of the Visual and Natural language Specification Tool (VINST). The current aggregation modules of the natural language generator of VINST is described and an improvement is prop- osed with one …...

The paper describes a substitutional ap- proach to ellipsis resolution giving compa- rable results to (Dalrymple et al., 1991), but without the need for order-sensitive in- terleaving of quantifier scoping and ellip- sis resolution. It is argued that the order- independence results from viewing seman- tic interpretation as building a …...

Multiset-CCG is a combinatory catego- rial formalism that can capture the syn- tax and interpretation of "free" word or- der in languages such as Turkish. The formalism compositionally derives the predicate-argument structure and the in- formation structure (e.g. topic, focus) of a sentence, and uniformly handles word order variation among …...

We provide a unified account of sentence-level and text-level anaphora within the framework of a dependency-based grammar model. Criteria for anaphora resolution within sentence boundaries rephrase major concepts from GB's binding theory, while those for text-level anaphora incorporate an adapted version of a Grosz-Sidner-style focus model. 1...

An extragrammatical sentence is what a normal parser fails to analyze. It is important to recover it using only syn- tactic information although results of recovery are better if semantic factors are considered. A general algorithm .for least-errors recognition, which is based only on syntactic information, was pro- posed by …...

The pattern matching capabilities of neural networks can be used to loc- ate syntactic constituents of natural lan- guage. This paper describes a fully auto- mated hybrid system, using neural nets operating within a grammatic frame- work. It addresses the representation of language for connectionist processing, and describes methods of …...

I describe a compiler and development environment for feature-augmented two- level morphology rules integrated into a full NLP system. The compiler is optimized for a class of languages in- cluding many or most European ones, and for rapid development and debug- ging of descriptions of new languages. The key design …...

Is it possible to specify a grammatical representation (descriptors and their ap- plication guidelines) to such a degree that it can be consistently applied by different grammarians e.g. for producing a benchmark corpus for p.arser evalua- tion? Arguments for and against have been given, but very little empirical ev- idence. …...

In this paper we describe an architecture and functionality of main components of a workbench for an acquisition of do- main knowledge from large text corpora. The workbench supports an incremental process of corpus analysis starting from a rough automatic extraction and or- ganization of lexico-semantic regularities and ending with …...

ProFIT is an extension of Standard Pro- log with Features, Inheritance and Tem- plates. ProFIT Mlows the programmer or grammar developer to declare an in- heritance hierarchy, features and tem- plates. Sorted feature terms can be used in ProFIT programs together with Pro- log terms to provide a clearer descrip- …...