Articles

This paper describes several key experiments in large vocabu- lay speech recognition. We demonstrate that, counter to our intuitions, given a fixed amount of training speech, the num- ber of training speakers has little effect on the accuracy. We show how much speech is needed for speaker-independent (SI) recognition in …...

In this paper we describe and compare the performance of a series of cepstrum-based procedures that enable the CMU SPHINX-II speech recognition system to maintain a high level of recognition accuracy over a wide variety of acoustical environments. We describe the MFCDCN algorithm, an environment-independent extension of the efficient SDCN …...

The first Text REtrieval Conference (TREC-I) was held in early November 1992 and was attended by about 100 people working in the 25 participating groups. The goal of the conference was to bring research groups together to discuss their work on a new large test collec- tion. There was a …...

In this paper, the Message Understanding Conferences are reviewed, and the natural language system evaluation that is underway in preparation for the next conference is described. The role of the conferences in the evaluation of information extraction systems is assessed in terms of the purposes of three broad classes of …...

This paper describes our initial efforts at porting the VOY- AGER spoken language system to Japanese. In the process we have reorganized the structure of the system so that lan- guage dependent information is separated from the core en- gine as much as possible. For example, this information is encoded …...

This paper presents the Semantic Linker, the fallbaek component used by the the DELPHI natural language component of the BBN spoken language system HARC. The Semantic Linker is invoked when DELPHI's regular chart-based unification grammar parser is unable to parse an input; it attempts to come up with a semantic …...

This paper describes an approach to robust processing which is domain-independent in its design, yet which can easily take advantage of domain-specific information. Robust processing is well-integrated into standard processing in this approach, requiring essentially only a single new BNF rule in the gram- mar. We describe the results of …...

The HCRC Map Task corpus has been collected and transcribed in Glasgow and Edinburgh, and recently published on CD-ROM. This effort was made possible by funding from the British Economic and Social Research Council. The corpus is composed of 128 two-person conver- sations in both high-quality digital audio and orthographic …...

The Air Travel Information System (ATIS) domain serves as the common task for DARPA spoken language system re- search and development. The approaches and results possi- ble in this rapidly growing area are structured by available corpora, annotations of that data, and evaluation methods. Coordination of this crucial infrastructure is …...

This paper presents results from a study comparing human perfor- mance on the text of natural language information extraction with that of machine extraction systems that were developed as part of the ARPA Tipster program. Information extraction is shown to be a difficult task for both humans and machines. Evidence …...

This report describes the major developments over the last six months in completing th e Diderot information extraction system for the MUC-5 evaluation . Diderot is an information extraction system built at CRL and Brandeis University over th e past two years. It was produced as part of our efforts …...

This paper describes the GE-CMU TIPSTER/SHOGUN system as configured for the TIP- STER 24-month (MUC-5) benchmark, and gives details of the system's performance on the se- lected Japanese and English texts. The SHOGUN system is a distillation of some of the key ideas that emerged from previous benchmarks and experiments, …...

The first part of the paper develops a novel, sortally-based approach to the problem of aspectual composition. The account is ar- gued to be superior on both empirical and computational grounds to previous seman- tic approaches relying on referential homo- geneity tests. While the account is re- stricted to manner-of-motion …...

The formal architecture of Lexical Func- tional Grammar offers a particular formal device, the structural correspondence, for modularizing the mapping between the sur- face forms of a language and representa- tions of their underlying meanings. This approach works well when the structural discrepancies between form and meaning representations are finitely …...

This paper contributes to the theory of substructural logics .that are of interest to categorial grammarians. Combining se- mantic ideas of Hepple [1990] and Mor- rill [1990], proof-theoretic ideas of Venema [1993b; 1993a] and the theory of equational specifications, a class of resource-preserving logics is defined, for which decidability and …...

In this paper a morphological component with a limited capability to automatically interpret (and generate) derived words is presented. The system combines an ex- tended two-level morphology [Trost, 1991a; Trost, 1991b] with a feature-based word grammar building on a hierarchical lexicon. Polymorphemic stems not explicitly stored in the lexicon are …...

A new class of formal languages will be defined the Distributed Index Languages (DI-lan- guages). The grammar-formalism generating the new class - the DI-grammars - cover unbound dependencies in a rather natural way. The place of DI-languages in the Chomsky-hierarchy will be determined: Like Aho's indexed Languages, DI-languages represent a …...

We report grammar inference experiments on partially parsed sentences taken from the Wall Street Journal corpus using the inside-outside algorithm for stochastic context-free grammars. The initial grammar for the inference process makes no ,assumption of the kinds of structures and their distributions. The inferred grammar is evaluated by its predicting …...

Linguistic access to uncertain quantita- tive knowledge about physical properties is provided by dimensional adjectives, e.g. long-short in the spatial and tempo- ral senses, near-far, fast-slow, etc. Seman- tic analyses of the dimensional adjectives differ on whether the meaning of the dif- ferential comparative (6 cm shorter than) and the …...

We are concerned with dependency- oriented morphosyntactic parsing of run- ning text. While a parsing grammar should avoid introducing structurally unresolvable distinctions in order to optimise on the ac- curacy of the parser, it also is beneficial for the grammarian to have as expressive a structural representation available as possi- …...