Articles

The identification of unknown proper names in text is a significant challenge for NLP systems operating on unrestricted text. A system which indexes documents according to name references can be useful for information retrieval or as a pre- processor for more knowledge intensive tasks such as database extraction. This paper …...

We describe the proper name recognition and classification facility ("PNV') of the SPARSER natural language understanding system. PNF has been used very successfully in the analysis of unrestricted texts in several sublanguages taken from online news sources. It makes its categoriza- tions on the basis of 'external' evidence from the …...

This paper introduces an algorithm for automatically acquiring the conceptual struc- ture of each word from corpus. The concept of a word is defined within the proba- bilistic framework. A variation of Belief Net named as Collocation Map is used to compute the probabilities. The Belief Net captures the conditional …...

We present a method for individuating dependencies between the semantic class of predicates and their associated subcategorization frames, and describe an implemen- tation which allows the acquisition of such dependencies from bracketed texts. 1...

AbstractThis paper deals with multiword lexemes (MWLs), focussing on two types of verbal MWLs: verbal idioms and support verb constructions. We discuss the characteristic properties of MWLs, namely non-standard compositionality, restricted substitutability of components, and restricted morpho-syntactic flexibility, and we show how these properties may cause serious problems during the …...

AbstractMachine-readable versions of everyday dictionaries have been seen as a likely source of information for use in natural language processing because they contain an enormous amount of lexical and semantic knowledge. However, after 15 years of research, the results appear to be disappointing. No comprehensive evaluation of machine-readable dictionaries (MRDs) …...

AbstractThe software company SAP translates its documentation into more than 12 languages. To support the translation department, SAPterm is used as a traditional terminology database for all languages, and the machine translation system METAL for German-to-English translation. The maintenance of the two terminology databases in parallel, SAPterm and the METAL …...

AbstractThis paper aims at providing a broad overview of the situation in Europe during the past few years, regarding efforts and concerted actions towards the standardization of large language resources, with particular emphasis on what is taking place in the fields of Computational Lexicons and Text Corpora. Attention will be …...

AbstractThis essay introduces the first linguistic task of the DELIS project’: to undertake a corpus-based examination of the syntactic and semantic properties of perception vocabulary in five languages, English, Danish, Dutch, French and Italian. The theoretical background is Fillmore’s Frame Semantics. The paper reviews some of the variety of facts …...

AbstractTranslating technical texts may cause many problems concerning terminology, even for the professional technical translator. For this reason, tools such as terminological databases or termbanks have been introduced to support the user in finding the most suitable translation. Termbanks are a type of machine-readable dictionary and contain extensive information on …...

AbstractThis paper describes the work that was undertaken in the Glossasoft project in the area of terminology management. Some of the draw-backs of existing terminology management systems are outlined and an alternative approach to maintaining terminological data is proposed. The approach which we advocate relies on knowledge-based representation techniques. These …...

AbstractTyped feature formalisms (TFF) play an increasingly important role in NLP and, in particular, in MT. Many of these systems are inspired by Pollard and Sag’s work on Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG), which has shown that a great deal of syntax and semantics can be neatly encoded within TFF. …...

AbstractCurrent approaches to computational lexicology in language technology are knowledge-based (competence-oriented) and try to abstract away from specific formalisms, domains, and applications. This results in severe complexity, acquisition and reusability bottlenecks. As an alternative, we propose a particular performance-oriented approach to Natural Language Processing based on automatic memory-based learning of …...

AbstractThe IBM lexicon and terminology management system TransLexis provides an integrated solution for developing and maintaining lexical and terminological data for use by humans and computer programs. In this paper, the conceptual schema of TransLexis, its user interface, and its import and export facilities will be described. TransLexis takes up …...

AbstractLinguistic engineering presupposes lexical resources. For translation, it is highly desirable that a Machine Translation engine and human translators should have access to the same dictionary information. The present paper describes a multilingual dictionary model, which integrates information for use by both humans and a variety of NLP systems. The …...

AbstractThe Cambridge Language Survey is a research project whose activities centre around the use of an Integrated Language Database, whereby a computerised dictionary is used for intelligent cross-reference during corpus analysis - searching for example for all the inflections of a verb rather than just the base form. Types of …...

AbstractThe compilation of specialist terminology requires an understanding of how specialists coin and use terms of their specialisms. We show how an exploitation of the pragmatic features of specialist terms will help in the semi-automatic extraction of terms and in the organisation of terms in terminology data banks....

AbstractIn this article, I will discuss different types of lexical co-occurrences and examine the requirements for representing them in a reusable lexical resource. I will focus the discussion on the delimitation of a limited set of descriptive parameters rather than on an exhaustive classification of idioms or multiword units. Descriptive …...

This paper presents a new model of anaphoric pro- cessing that utilizes the establishment of coherence relations between clauses in a discourse. We sur- vey data that comprises a currently stalemated ar- gument over whether VP-ellipsis is an inherently syntactic or inherently semantic phenomenon, and show that the data can …...

Interpreting fully natural speech is an important goal for spoken language understanding systems. However, while corpus studies have shown that about 10% of spontaneous utterances contain self-corrections, or RE- PAIRS, little is known about the extent to which cues in the speech signal may facilitate repair processing. We identify several …...