Articles

~ A flexible parser can deal with input that deviates from its grammar, in addition to input that conforms to it. Ideally, such a parser will correct the deviant input: sometimes, it will be unable to correct it at all; at other times, correction will be possible, but only to …...

: The definition texts of a machine-readable pocket dictionary were analyzed to determine the disambiguated word sense of the kernel terms of each word sense being defined. The resultant sets of word pairs of defined and defining words were then computaCionally connected into t~o taxonomic semi- lattices ("tangled hierarchies") representing …...

Robust natural language interpretation requires strong semantic domain models, "fall-soff" recovery heuristics, and very flexible control structures. Although single-strategy parsers have met with a measure of success, a multi.strategy approach is shown to provide a much higher degree of flexibility, redundancy, and ability to bring task-specific domain knowledge (in addition …...

This paper presents an analysis of analogies based on observations of oatural conversations. People's spontaneous use of analogies provides Inslg~t into their implicit evaluation procedures for analogies. The treatment here, therefore, reveals aspects of analogical processing that is somewhat more difficult to see in an experimental context. The work involves …...

We have developed an approach to natural language processing in which the natural language processor is viewed as a knowledge-based system whose knowledge is about the meanings of the utterances of its language. The approach is orzented around the phrase rather than the word as the basic unit. We believe …...

Current natural language interfaces have concentrated largely on determining the literal "meaning" of input from their users. While such decoding is an essential underpinning, much recent work suggests that natural language interlaces will never appear cooperative or graceful unless they also incorporate numerous non-literal aspects of communication, such as robust …...

An automatic processor of written French language is described. This processor uses syntactic and semantic informations about words in order to construct a se- mantic net representing the meaning of the sentences. The structure of the net- work and the principles of the parser are explained. An application to the …...

AMBER is a model of first language acquisition that improves its performance through a process of error recovery. The model is implemented in ACTG, an adaptive production system language. AMBER starts with the ability to say only one word at a time, but adds rules for inserting additional words in …...

The present study deals with conflict resolution process in metaphorical interpretation for the noun phrase. In order to make the problem mbre explicit, we have reviewed the knowledge representation with conflict both from cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence. Then, we propose a semantic model which is obtained from the notion …...

This paper attempts to systematize natural language analysis process by (I) use of a partitioned semantic network formalism as the meaning representation and (2) stepwise translation based on Montague Grammar. The meaning representation is obtained in two steps. The first step translates natural language into logical expression. The second step …...

Marcus' original deterministic parsing included almost no part-of-speech ambiguity. In this paper, the addition of part-of-speech ambiguity to a deterministic parser written in Prolog is described. To handle this ambiguity, it was necessary to add no special mechanisms to the parser. Instead the grammar rules were made to enforce agreement, …...

: The notion of UNIT-to-UNIT inter- action is introduced to analyse dependency relations between words in a sentence. A UNIT is a basic framework for concept representation and is composed of many slots. After generating a parsed tree from an input sentence, our se- mantic interpretation begins traversing.the tree from …...

With a keyboard and supporting system developed at Cornell Univer- sity, input methods used to identify ideographs are adaptations of well- known schemes; innovation is in the addition of automatic machine selec- tion of ambiguously identified char- acters. The unique feature of the Cornell design is that a certain amount …...

Computer softwares for processing Thai language are developed at National Museum of Ethnology,Osaka,Japan. We use a popular intelligent terminal TEKTRONIX 4051 for inputting and editing,IBM 370 model 138 for KWIC making and sorting, and CANON's laser beam printer for final output. Using these systems,"Kotmai Tra Sam Duang"(the Three Seals Law)which …...

A coding scheme for inputting Chinese characters by means of a conventional keyboard has been developed. The code for each Chinese character is composed of two strings of keys, one corresponds to the spelling and the other the ideo- graphic property of the character. Each code requires no more than …...

This paper describes a newly developed lin- guistic error correction system, which can cor- rect errors and rejections of Japanese sentences by using linguistic knowledge. Conventional optical character readers (OCR) need human assistance to correct their recognition errors and rejections. An operator must teach the OCR correct answers whenever an …...

. The concept of a soft display key as applied to input of large character sets or vocabularies such as Kanji, the ancient Chinese ideographic script is discussed. The Japanese orthography and the necessity of using Kanji characters in data terminals are explained. Problems arising from the number and complexity …...

Story-processing systems have to deal, or avoid dealing, with INFERENCE CONTROL ''6' Ii, 13. when designing one such system 2, we were great- ly helped by the "(ERC)RC" expression for con- notation I. Our system is specialised in multi - faceted descriptions of characters (not, how- ever, in the most …...

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Useful automatized translation must be considered in a problem-solving setting, composed of a linguistic environment and a computer environment. We examine the facets of the problem which we believe to be essential, and try to give some paradigms along each of them. Those facets are the linguistic strategy, the programming …...