Articles

The paper presents a new methodology aimed at acquiring typological evidence from “gold” treebanks for different languages. In particular, it investigates whether and to what extent algorithms developed for assessing the plausibility of automatically produced syntactic annotations could contribute to shed light on key issues of the linguistic typological literature. …...

In this paper, we describe the Circumstantial Event Ontology (CEO), a newly developed ontology for calamity events that models semantic circumstantial relations between event classes, where we define circumstantial as inferred implicit causal relations. The circumstantial relations are inferred from the assertions of the event classes that involve a change …...

We present an efficient and accurate method for transferring annotations between two different treebanks of the same language. This method led to the creation of a new instance of the French Treebank (Abeillé et al., 2003), which follows the Universal Dependency annotation scheme and which was proposed to the participants …...

We propose in this paper to add to the captions of the Flickr30k Entities corpus some syntactic annotations in order to study the joint processing of image and language features for the Preposition-Phrase attachment disambiguation task. The annotation has been performed on the English version of the captions and automatically …...

Chinese is a language rich in nonlocal dependencies. Correctly resolving these dependencies is crucial in understanding the predicate- argument structure of a sentence. Making full use of the trace annotations in the Penn Chinese Treebank (Xue et al., 2005), this research contributes several test sets of Chinese nonlocal dependencies which …...

This paper focuses on supervised hypernymy detection using distributional representations for unknown word pairs. Levy et al. (2015) demonstrated that supervised hypernymy detection suffers from overfitting hypernyms in training data. We show that the problem of overfitting on this task is caused by a characteristic of datasets, which stems from …...

The Czech Legal Text Treebank 2.0 (CLTT 2.0) contains texts that come from the legal domain and are manually syntactically annotated. The syntactic annotation in CLTT 2.0 is more elaborate than in CLTT 1.0. In addition, CLTT 2.0 contains two new annotation layers, namely the layer of entities and the …...

This paper presents a work in progress to create a multilayered syntactically and semantically annotated text corpus for Latvian. The broad application area we address is natural language understanding (NLU), while more specific applications are abstractive text summarization and knowledge base population, which are required by the project industrial partner, …...

Sanskrit is an ancient Indian language. Several important texts which are of interest to people all over the world today were written in Sanskrit. The Sanskrit grammar has a precise and complete specification given in the text As.t.¯adhy¯ay¯ı by P¯an.ini. This has led to the development of a number of …...

Enforcing guidelines compliance is today one of the main challenge faced by the Universal Dependencies project. This work introduces ERRATOR, a set of tools implementing the annotation variation principle that can be used to help annotators find and correct errors in the different layers of annotations of UD treebanks. The …...

In many areas of academic publishing, there is an explosion of literature, and sub-division of fields into subfields, leading to stove-piping where sub-communities of expertise become disconnected from each other. This is especially true in the genetics literature over the last 10 years where researchers are no longer able to …...

This article presents the LIA treebank of transcribed spoken Norwegian dialects. It consists of dialect recordings made in the period between 1950–1990, which have been digitised, transcribed, and subsequently annotated with morphological and dependency-style syntactic analysis as part of the LIA (Language Infrastructure made Accessible) project at the University of …...

In dialogue systems, the tasks of named entity recognition (NER) and named entity linking (NEL) are vital preprocessing steps for understanding user intent, especially in open domain interaction where we cannot rely on domain-specific inference. UCSC’s effort as one of the funded teams in the 2017 Amazon Alexa Prize Contest …...

In this paper, we introduce the first version of ForFun, Prague Database of Forms and Functions, as an invaluable resource for profound linguistic research, particularly in describing syntactic functions and their formal realizations. ForFun is built with the use of already existing richly syntactically annotated corpora, collectively called Prague Dependency …...

Recent approaches based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) have shown promising results for named-entity recognition (NER). In order to achieve high performances, ANNs need to be trained on a large labeled dataset. However, labels might be difficult to obtain for the dataset on which the user wants to perform NER: …...

Named Entity Recognition involves automatically identifying and classifying entities such as persons, places, and organizations, and it is a very important task in Information Extraction. Conditional Random Fields is a probabilistic method for structured prediction, which can be used in this task. This paper presents the use of Conditional Random …...

Recognizing non-standard entity types and relations, such as B2B products, product classes and their producers, in news and forum texts is important in application areas such as supply chain monitoring and market research. However, there is a decided lack of annotated corpora and annotation guidelines in this domain. In this …...

In this work, we aim at identifying potential problems of ambiguity, completeness, conformity, singularity and readability in system and software requirements specifications. Those problems arise particularly when they are written in a natural language. While we describe them from a linguistic point of view, the business impacts of each potential …...

Automatically generating video description is one of the approaches to enable computers to deeply understand videos, which can have a great impact and can be useful to many other applications. However, generated descriptions by computers often fail to correctly mention objects and actions appearing in the videos. This work aims …...

In game-like applications and many others, an underlying Natural Language Generation system may have to express urgency or other dynamic aspects of a fast-evolving situation as text, which may be considerably different from text produced under so-called ‘normal’ circumstances (e.g., without time constrains). As a means to shed light on …...