Universal Grammatical Dependencies for Portuguese with CINTIL Data, LX Processing and CLARIN support

Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2022), pages 5617–5626 Marseille, 20-25 June 2022 © European Language Resources Association (ELRA), licensed under CC-BY-NC-4.0 5617 Universal Grammatical Dependencies for Portuguese with CINTIL Data, LX Processing and CLARIN support Ant´onio Branco, Jo˜ao Ricardo Silva, Lu´ıs Gomes and Jo˜ao Rodrigues University of Lisbon NLX – Natural Language and Speech Group, Department of Informatics Faculdade de Ciˆencias, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal {antonio.branco,jsilva,luis.gomes,joao.rodrigues}@di.fc.ul.pt Abstract The grammatical framework for the mapping between linguistic form and meaning representation known as Universal Dependencies relies on a non-constituency syntactic analysis that is centered on the notion of grammatical relation (e.g. Subject, Object, etc.). Given its core goal of providing a common set of analysis primitives suitable to every natural language, and its practical objective of fostering their computational grammatical processing, it keeps being an active domain of research in science and technology of language. This paper presents a new collection of quality language resources for the computational processing of the Portuguese language under the Universal Dependencies framework (UD). This is an all-encompassing, publicly available open collection of mutually consistent and inter-operable scientific resources that includes reliably annotated corpora, top-performing processing tools and expert support services: a new UPOS-annotated corpus, CINTIL-UPos, with 675K tokens and a new UD treebank, CINTIL-UDep Treebank, with nearly 38K sentences; a UPOS tagger, LX-UTagger, and a UD parser, LX-UDParser, trained on these corpora, available both as local stand-alone tools and as remote web-based services; and helpdesk support ensured by the Knowledge Center for the Science and Technology of Portuguese of the CLARIN research infrastructure. Keywords: dependency treebank, Universal Dependencies, Portuguese, dependency parsing, UD parser, UD tagger, PORTULAN CLARIN, CINTIL-UPos, CINTIL-UDep Treebank, LX-UTagger, LX-UDParser 1. Introduction Grammatical analysis provides for the mapping be- tween the surface form of natural language expressions and some representation of their syntax and semantics. It has been at the core of Natural Language Processing both as an essential support or just as an instrumental procedure for many language processing tasks and ap- plications. Among the grammatical representations delivered by different possible approaches to grammatical parsing, of differing depth in the mapping between form and meaning, the graph-based representation of grammat- ical functions or dependencies (e.g. Subject, Object, etc.) among words in a given expression has become mainstream, most likely because of its success in cap- turing core relations in the interface between syntax and compositional semantics. And among approaches to grammatical dependencies, of different theoretical persuasions and empirical ade- quacy, the so called Universal Dependencies format has been attracting increasing attention since its inception as, among other factors, it was adopted and promoted by a big tech company (de Marneffe et al., 2021). Given the specific grammars of the different languages and thus the language specific aspects of their gram- matical analysis, there being an annotation format for grammatical analysis that is applied to an increasing number of individual languages is a major asset for Natural Language Processing as this permits the cross- language interoperability and …

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