A Graph-Based Approach Leveraging Posts and Reactions for Detecting Rumors on Online Social Media

The Information Packaging of the Do-Constructions in Chinese, Russian, and Czech Chui, Kawai Yeh, Hsiang-lin Lin, Melissa Shih-hui Department of English National Chengchi University kawai@nccu.edu.tw Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures National Chengchi University Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures National Chengchi University verayeh@nccu.edu.tw shihhui@nccu.edu.tw Abstract This study investigated the do-constructions in Chinese, Russian, and Czech, a predicate- argument structure comprised of the light verb ‘to do’ - zuò in Chinese, delat' in Russian, and dělat in Czech - and a verbal noun as the head in the accusative role, considering the linguistic traits and pragmatic use of the constructions in spoken and written discourse. The corpus results attested that the three languages not only have lexical and grammatical equivalences, they also demonstrate a functional equivalence in packaging information to define a type of action within the construction. Similar lexico- grammatical strategies are employed to encode tense and aspectual information of the predicates and various kinds of information about the nominal heads. The preference of the do-usage in the written genre is unequivocal in Chinese and Russian, suggesting that the structural change could have started as a writing style. The relative novelty of the do- usage to communicate generic or specific action events in Czech is evidence of language- specificity in pragmatic use. 1 Introduction Light verb constructions, such as ‘to take a turn’, ‘to give a rating’, ‘to make a second attempt’, and ‘to do a quick change’, are cross-linguistic structures which have been studied in many languages including American English, British English, Irish English, Malaysian English, Zapotec, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Czech, Lithuania, Urdu, Persian, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese. The head nouns in the accusative position are ‘verbal nouns’ and the constructions as a whole may be equivalent to the use of the head nouns as full-fledged verbs, also called ‘heavy verbs’, such as ‘to turn’ versus ‘to take a turn’, ‘to rate’ versus ‘to give a rating’, ‘to attempt (to do something) for the second time’ versus ‘to make a second attempt’, and ‘to change quickly’ versus ‘to do a quick change’. A variety of issues were discussed from various approaches, among which the constructions were investigated in regard to argument or valency structures (Yim, 2020; Kettnerová, 2021; Kettnerová and Lopat- ková, 2020; Lin, 2014; Ronan and Schneider, 2017; Tadao, 2000). The corpus-based or descriptive approaches were employed to investigate the lexical, structural, semantic, and pragmatic proper- ties of the light-verb constructions (Cuervo, 2010; Hernández, 2008; Huang and Lin, 2012; Huang et al., 2014; Maiko, 2020; Martínez Linares, 2013; Nolan, 2015; Ong and Rahim, 2021; Radimský, 2010; Ronan, 2014; Kovalevskaite et al, 2020), the linguistic distinction between the light verb and heavy verb usages (Beam de Azcona, 2017; Evteeva, 2017; Lu et al., 2020; Radimský, 2010; Tadao, 2000), the occurrences of the constructions in speaking and writing (Sundquist, 2020), the historical development of the constructions (Buckingham, 2014; Sundquist, 2018; Yim, 2020), the acquisition of the constructions in L2 contexts (Maiko, 2019; Sanromán Vilas, 2019), and the processing of …

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