Articles

The development of natural language pro- ccssing (NLP) systems that perform ma- chine translation (MT) and information re- trieval (IR) has highlighted the need for the automatic recognition of proper names. While various name recognizers have been developed, they suffer from being too lim- ited; some only recognize one name …...

We describe an information extraction sys- tem in which four classes of naming expres- sions organisation, person, location and tinm names are recognised and classified with nearly 92% combined precision and re- call. The system applies a mixture of tech- niques to perform this task and these are described in …...

We have proposed an incremental trans- lation method in Transfer-Driven Ma- chine Translation (TDMT). In this method, constituent boundary patterns are applied to an input in a bottom-up fashion. Also, by dealing with best-only substructures, the explosion of structural ambiguity is constrained and an efficient translation of a lengthy input …...

In this paper, we propose a statistical approach for clustering of artMes us- ing on-line dictionary definitions. One of the characteristics of our approach is that every sense of word in artMes is au- tomatically disambiguated using dictio- nary definitions. The other is that in or- der to cope with …...

In this paper, we proposed a new diMogue system with multiple dialogue agents. In our new system, three types of agents: a) domain agents, b) strat- egy agents, and c) context agents were realized. They give the follmving advantages to the user: • the domain age.nts make the user aware …...

Verbal idioms can be divided into two main groups: non-compositional id- ioms as kick the bucket and composi- tional/decomposable idioms as spill the beans. In the following we will point to the fact that there are German de- composable idioms which can be decom- posed into components, having identifi- able …...

The focus of this article is the integra- tion of two different perspectives on lexi- cal semantics: Discourse Representation Theory's (DRT) inferentially motivated approach and Semantic Emphasis The- ory's (SET) lexical field based view. A new joined representation format is de- veloped which is exemplified by anal- yses of German …...

A system for the resolutio~ of synLa.(> Lie a.mbiguities is illusl;ra.teel whi(:h op era.tes on ,norifl/o-synl;act;ica.lly a.u:d)igu- ous st, I~,iect-objecl; a.ssig,, nmnts i, 1Lal Jan a.ud tries t.o find the .,ost likely aua.lysis (Ill [;[/e I)asis ()[' I;h(: cvid('m:c co,,ta,ined it, a knowledge Ira.so of linguistic data. a, ut, otna, …...

We report results of lexical accommodation studies involving three different interpretation settings: human-human monolingual; human-interpreted bilingual; and machine-interpreted bilingual. We found significant accommodation in all three conversational settings, with the highest rate in the human-interpreted setting. There is evidence for long- range mutual accommodation in that setting, as compared to …...

We argue that the conventional approach to Interactive Machine ~Ih-anslation is not the best way to provide assistance to skilled translators, and propose an alter- native whose central feature is the use of the target text as a medium of inter- action. We describe an automatic word- completion system intended …...

This paper examines the discourse fluic- tions that different types of subjects perform in Italian within the centering framework (Grosz el; al., 1995). I build on my previous work (Di gugenio, 1990) that accounted for the alternation of null and strong prottouns in subject position. I extend my previous atialysis …...

In this paper we discuss how we all- ply discourse predictions along with non context-based predictions to the prob- lem of parse disambiguation in Enthusi- ast, a Spanish-to-English translation sys- tem (Woszcyna et al., 1993; Snhm et al., 1994; Levin el; al., 1995). We discuss extensions to our plan-based discourse …...

In this paper, we define the notion of a preventative expression and discuss a corpus study of such expressions in in- structional text. We discuss our cod- ing schema, which takes into account both form and function features, and present measures of inter-coder reliabil- ity for those features. We then …...

Alter presenting a novel O(n a) parsing al- gorithm for dependency grammar, we de- velop three contrasting ways to stochasticize it. We propose (a) a lexical atfinity mode] where words struggle to modify each other, (b) a sense tagging model where words tluc- tuate randomly in their selectional prefer- ences, …...

~i%xt understanding and high quality machine translation often necessitate the disambiguation of ambigous struc- tures or lexical elements. Drawing in- ferences from the context can be a means for resolving semantic ambigu- ities. However, often, this is an ex-. pensive strategy that, in addition, not always comes up with a …...

The paper presents a consolidated set of princip- les of cooperative spoken human-machine dialo- gue which have the potential tor being turned into practically applicable design guidelines. The principles have been validated in three ways. They were established fi'om a Wizard of Oz sim- ulation corpus used to develop the …...

This paper addresses the issue of word-sense ambiguity in extraction from machine-readable resources for the con- struction of large-scale knowledge sources. We describe two experiments: one which ignored word-sense distinctions, re- sulting in 6.3% accuracy for semantic classification of verbs based on (Levin, 1993); and one which exploited word-sense distinctions, …...

This article presents a new semantic- based transfer approach developed and applied within the Verbmobil Machine Translation project. We give an overview of the declarative transfer formalism to- gether with its procedural realization. Our approach is discussed and compared with several other approaches from the MT literature. The results presented …...

This paper presents a comtmtational model of incremental utterance produc- tion in task-oriented dialogues. This model incrementally produces utter- antes to propose the solution of a given problem, while simultaneously solving the problem in a stepwise manner. Even when the solution has been partially de- termined, this model starts utterances …...

This paper presents a practical method for a global structure analyzing Mgorithm of Japanese long sen- tences with lexical information, a method which we call Lexical Discourse Grammar (LDG). This method assumes that .Japanese function words, such as con- junctive particles (postpositions) located at the end of each clause, have …...