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We describe a generative probabilistic model of natural language, which we call HBG, that takes advantage of detailed linguistic information to re- solve ambiguity. HBG incorporates lexical, syn- tactic, semantic, …...

The performance of PCFGs estimated from tree banks is shown to be sensitive to the par- ticular way in which linguistic constructions are represented as trees in the tree bank. …...

This paper describes a wide-coverage sta- tistical parser that uses Combinatory Cat- egorial Grammar (CCG) to derive de- pendency structures. The parser differs from most existing wide-coverage tree- bank parsers …...

We discuss existing approaches to train LR parsers, which have been used for statistical resolution of structural ambiguity. These approaches are non- optimal, in the sense that a collection of …...

Most statistical parsers have used the gram- mar induction approach, in which a stochastic grammar is induced from a treebank. An alter- native approach is to induce a controller for …...

. This paper describes a method of adapting a domain-inde- pendent HPSG parser to a biomedical domain. Without modifying the grammar and the probabilistic model of the original HPSG parser, …...

. This paper presents a Chinese dependency syntax for treebanking. The syntax contains 13 word classes and 34 dependency types. A format of treebank based on the syntax is also …...

There are many methods to improve performances of statistical parsers. Among them, resolving structural ambiguities is a major task. In our approach, the parser produces a set of n-best trees …...

. This paper describes a method for automatic acquisition of wide-coverage treebank-based deep linguistic resources for Japanese, as part of a project on treebank- based induction of multilingual resources in …...

Historically, unsupervised learning tech- niques have lacked a principled technique for selecting the number of unseen compo- nents. Research into non-parametric priors, such as the Dirichlet process, has enabled in- …...

We present a revision learning model for improving the accuracy of a dependency parser. The revision stage corrects the out- put of the base parser by means of revi- sion …...

We present results that show that incorporat- ing lexical and structural semantic informa- tion is effective for word sense disambigua- tion. We evaluated the method by using pre- cise information …...

Conventional n-best reranking techniques of- ten suffer from the limited scope of the n- best list, which rules out many potentially good alternatives. We instead propose forest reranking, a method …...

AbstractI describe the construction of a corpus for research on relative clause extraposition in German based on the treebank TüBa-D/Z. I also define an annotation scheme for the relations between …...

AbstractThe creation of language resources for less-resourced languages like the historical ones benefits from the exploitation of language-independent tools and methods developed over the years by many projects for modern …...

AbstractThis paper presents a system for querying treebanks in a uniform way. The system is able to work with both dependency and constituency based treebanks in any language. We demonstrate …...

Once released, treebanks tend to remain unchanged despite any shortcomings in their depth of linguistic analysis or cover- age of specific phenomena. Instead, sepa- rate resources are created to address …...

We present a novel approach to Data-Oriented Parsing (DOP). Like other DOP models, our parser utilizes syntactic fragments of arbitrary size from a treebank to analyze new sentences, but, crucially, …...

AbstractA treebank is an important resource for developing many NLP based tools. Errors in the treebank may lead to error in the tools that use it. It is essential to …...

Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) is an expressive grammar formalism which is able to capture long-range dependencies. However, building large and wide-coverage treebanks for CCG is expensive and time-consuming. In this …...

AbstractWe present the ongoing development of MCG, a linguistically deep and precise grammar for Mandarin Chinese together with its accompanying treebank, both based on the linguistic framework of HPSG, and …...

In recent years, statistical parsers have reached high performance levels on well-edited texts. Domain adaptation techniques have improved parsing results on text genres differing from the journalistic data most parsers …...

AbstractWhile it is possible to build a formal grammar manually from scratch or, going to another extreme, to derive it automatically from a treebank, the development of the LFG grammar …...

This paper reports on the annotation and maximum-entropy modeling of the se- mantics of two German prepositions, mit (‘with’) and auf (‘on’). 500 occurrences of each preposition were sampled from …...

The syntactic ambiguity of a transitive verb (Vt) followed by a noun (N) has long been a problem in Chinese parsing. In this paper, we propose a classifier to resolve …...

AbstractA treebank is an important language resource for supervised statistical parsers. The parser induces the grammatical properties of a language from this language resource and uses the model to parse …...

This paper proposes a simple yet effective framework of soft cross-lingual syntax projection to transfer syntactic structures from source language to target language using monolingual treebanks and large-scale bilingual parallel …...

Cross-lingual learning has become a popu- lar approach to facilitate the development of resources and tools for low-density lan- guages. Its underlying idea is to make use of existing tools …...

We present a new treebank of English and French technical forum content which has been annotated for grammatical errors and phrase structure. This double annotation allows us to empirically measure …...

AbstractThe question of the type of text used as primary data in treebanks is of certain importance. First, it has an influence at the discourse level: an article is not …...

We propose a neural-network based model for coordination boundary prediction. The net- work is designed to incorporate two signals: the similarity between conjuncts and the ob- servation that replacing the …...

AbstractVarious treebanks have been released for dependency parsing. Despite that treebanks may belong to different languages or have different annotation schemes, they contain common syntactic knowledge that is potential to …...

AbstractThis paper reports a critical analysis of the ISO TimeML standard, in the light of several experiences of temporal annotation that were conducted on spoken French. It shows that the …...

AbstractHigh accuracy for automated translation and information retrieval calls for linguistic annotations at various language levels. The plethora of informal internet content sparked the demand for porting state-of-art natural language …...

AbstractThe growing work in multi-lingual parsing faces the challenge of fair comparative evaluation and performance analysis across languages and their treebanks. The difficulty lies in teasing apart the properties of …...

Multiple treebanks annotated under heteroge- neous standards give rise to the research ques- tion of best utilizing multiple resources for im- proving statistical models. Prior research has focused on discrete …...

AbstractContinuous word representations appeared to be a useful feature in many natural language processing tasks. Using fixed-dimension pre-trained word embeddings allows avoiding sparse bag-of-words representation and to train models with …...

Accurate automatic processing of Web queries is im- portant for high-quality information retrieval from the Web. While the syntactic structure of a large portion of these queries is trivial, the …...

AbstractGeneral treebank analyses are graph structured, but parsers are typically restricted to tree structures for efficiency and modeling reasons. We propose a new representation and algorithm for a class of …...

Treebanks exist for many different languages, but they are often quite limited in terms of size, genre, and topic coverage. It is difficult to expand these treebanks or to develop …...

This paper presents a work in progress to create a multilayered syntactically and semantically annotated text corpus for Latvian. The broad application area we address is natural language understanding (NLU), …...

In this paper, we describe the process of creating an Amharic Dependency Treebank, which is the first attempt to introduce Universal Dependencies (UD) into Amharic. Amharic is a morphologically-rich and …...

AbstractCode-switching is a phenomenon of mixing grammatical structures of two or more languages under varied social constraints. The code-switching data differ so radically from the benchmark corpora used in NLP …...

AbstractWe present a bracketing-based encoding that can be used to represent any 2-planar dependency tree over a sentence of length n as a sequence of n labels, hence providing almost …...

AbstractCzeDLex is an electronic lexicon of Czech discourse connectives with its data coming from a large treebank annotated with discourse relations. Its new version CzeDLex 0.6 (as compared with the …...

AbstractWe investigate a transition-based parser that uses Eukalyptus, a function-tagged constituent treebank for Swedish which includes discontinuous constituents. In addition, we show that the accuracy of this parser can be …...

Due to a lack of annotated data, theories of historical syntax are often based on very small, manually compiled data sets. To enable the empirical evaluation of existing hypotheses, the …...

AbstractManually annotating a treebank is time-consuming and labor-intensive. We conduct delexicalized cross-lingual dependency parsing experiments, where we train the parser on one language and test on our target language. As …...

AbstractAnonymisation, that is identifying and neutralising sensitive references, is a crucial part of dataset creation. In this paper, we describe the anonymisation process of a Turkish-German code-switching corpus, namely SAGT, …...

AbstractThis paper addressed the problem of structured sentiment analysis using a bi-affine semantic dependency parser, large pre-trained language models, and publicly available translation models. For the monolingual setup, we considered: …...

AbstractTreebank selection for parsing evaluation and the spurious effects that might arise from a biased choice have not been explored in detail. This paper studies how evaluating on a single …...