German

Nonconcatenative constraints, such as the shuffle re- lation, are frequently employed in grammatical anal- yses of languages that have more flexible ordering of constituents than English. We show how it …...

In syntax, the trend nowadays is towards lexiealized grammar formalisms. It is now widely accepted that dividing words into wordclasses may serve as a labor-saving mechanism - but at the …...

This paper investigates stacking and voting methods for combining strong classifiers like boosting, SVM, and TBL, on the named-entity recognition task. We demonstrate several ef- fective approaches, culminating in a …...

We present a linguistically-motivated algorithm for recon- structing nonlocal dependency in broad-coverage context-free parse trees derived from treebanks. We use an algorithm based on loglinear classifiers to augment and reshape …...

Grapheme-to-phoneme conversion (g2p) is a core component of any text-to-speech sys- tem. We show that adding simple syllab- ification and stress assignment constraints, namely ‘one nucleus per syllable’ and ‘one …...

The extent to which the organization of nat- ural language grammars reflects a drive to minimize dependency length remains little explored. We present the first algorithm polynomial-time in sentence length …...

This paper presents an investigation of the relation between words and their gender in two gendered languages: German and Ro- manian. Gender is an issue that has long preoccupied linguists …...

This paper presents the SemEval-2010 task on Coreference Resolution in Multi- ple Languages. The goal was to evaluate and compare automatic coreference reso- lution systems for six different languages (Catalan, …...

This paper presents SUCRE, a new soft- ware tool for coreference resolution and its feature engineering. It is able to sep- arately do noun, pronoun and full coref- erence resolution. …...

Languages with rich inflectional morphology pose a difficult challenge for statistical ma- chine translation. To address the problem of morphologically inconsistent output, we add unification-based constraints to the target-side of …...

When designing grammars of natural lan- guage, typically, more than one formal anal- ysis can account for a given phenomenon. Moreover, because analyses interact, the choices made by the engineer …...

Most current dependency parsers presuppose that input words have been morphologically disambiguated using a part-of-speech tagger before parsing begins. We present a transition- based system for joint part-of-speech tagging and …...

We propose a technique to generate non- projective word orders in an efficient statisti- cal linearization system. Our approach pre- dicts liftings of edges in an unordered syntac- tic tree …...

We consider the problem of training a sta- tistical parser in the situation when there are multiple treebanks available, and these tree- banks are annotated according to different lin- guistic …...

AbstractIn this paper, we describe 4FX, a quadrilingual (English-Spanish-German-Hungarian) parallel corpus annotated for light verb constructions. We present the annotation process, and report statistical data on the frequency of LVCs …...

AbstractThe present article describes a corpus which was collected for the cross-language comparison of prominence. In the data analysis, the acoustic-phonetic properties of words spoken with two different levels of …...

AbstractThis paper reports on the evaluation of two compound splitters for German. Compounding is a very frequent phenomenon in German and thus efficient ways of detecting and correctly splitting compound …...

AbstractSyntax-based distributional models of lexical semantics provide a flexible and linguistically adequate representation of co-occurrence information. However, their construction requires large, accurately parsed corpora, which are unavailable for most languages. …...

AbstractWe release a massive expansion of the paraphrase database (PPDB) that now includes a collection of paraphrases in 23 different languages. The resource is derived from large volumes of bilingual …...

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on the verb-particle (V-Prt) split construction in English and German and its difficulty for parsing and Machine Translation (MT). For German, we use an existing …...

We study the relationship between word order freedom and preordering in statisti- cal machine translation. To assess word order freedom, we first introduce a novel entropy measure which quantifies how …...

AbstractIn the present paper, we analyse variation of discourse phenomena in two typologically different languages, i.e. in German and Czech. The novelty of our approach lies in the nature of …...

AbstractIn an increasingly globalized world, there is a rising demand for speech recognition systems. Systems for languages like English, German or French do achieve a decent performance, but there exists …...

In this paper we present a word decom- pounding method that is based on distribu- tional semantics. Our method does not re- quire any linguistic knowledge and is initial- ized …...

AbstractConventional graph-based dependency parsers guarantee a tree structure both during training and inference. Instead, we formalize dependency parsing as the problem of independently selecting the head of each word in …...

Neural machine translation (NMT) models are conventionally trained with fixed-size vocabu- laries to control the computational complexity and the quality of the learned word represen- tations. This, however, limits the …...

AbstractNeural dependency parsing models that compose word representations from characters can presumably exploit morphosyntax when making attachment decisions. How much do they know about morphology? We investigate how well they …...

The availability of multi-modal datasets that pair images and textual descriptions of their content has been a crucial driver in progress of various text-image tasks such as automatic captioning and …...

AbstractVerb prediction is important for understanding human processing of verb-final languages, with practical applications to real-time simultaneous interpretation from verb-final to verb-medial languages. While previous approaches use classical statistical models, …...

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of cross-lingual language model pre-training on different NLP tasks, such as natural language inference and machine translation. In our work, we test this approach …...

AbstractRecent work has shown that neural rerankers can improve results for dependency parsing over the top k trees produced by a base parser. However, all neural rerankers so far have …...

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce UniSent universal sentiment lexica for 1000+ languages. Sentiment lexica are vital for sentiment analysis in absence of document-level annotations, a very common scenario for low-resource …...

AbstractWe develop high performance multilingual Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) systems by projecting English AMR annotations to other languages with weak supervision. We achieve this goal by bootstrapping transformer-based multilingual word …...

AbstractWe report on experiments in automatic text simplification (ATS) for German with multiple simplification levels along the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), simplifying standard German into levels …...

Simultaneous machine translation (SIMT) in- volves translating source utterances to the tar- get language in real-time before the speaker utterance completes. This paper proposes the multilingual approach to SIMT, where …...

AbstractRelations between words are governed by hierarchical structure rather than linear ordering. Sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models, despite their success in downstream NLP applications, often fail to generalize in a hierarchy-sensitive manner …...

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the morphological complexity in a corpus representing the language production of younger and older children across different languages. The language samples were …...

AbstractTheoretical work in morphological typology offers the possibility of measuring morphological diversity on a continuous scale. However, literature in Natural Language Processing (NLP) typically labels a whole language with a …...

AbstractThe paper presents our work on corpus annotationfor metaphor in German. Metaphors denoteentities that are similar to their literal referent,e.g., when *Licht* ‘light’ is used in the senseof ‘hope’. We …...