Articles

: Several methods to represent meanings of words have been proposed. However, they are not useful for information retrieval systems, because they cannot deal with the entities which cannot be universally represented by symbols. In this paper, we propose a notion of semanUe space. Semantic space is an Euelidean space …...

Systemic grammar has been used for AI text generation work in the past, but the Implementa- tions have tended be ad hoc or inefficient. This paper presents an approach to systemic text genera- tion where AI problem solving techniques are applied directly to an unadulterated systemic gram- mar. This approach …...

Importance evaluation is one of the most challenging problems in the field of text processing. In the paper we focus on the notion of importance from a computational standpoint, and we propose a procedural, rule-based approach to importance evaluation. This novel approach is supported by a prototype experimental system, called …...

The paper examines some of the cha- racteristic features of natural langua- ge interaction with a database system and its implications for the processing of singular definite descriptions. Some proposals are made for assessing the uniqueness claim of the singular defini- te article in the context of retrieval from a …...

Databases are nowadays used by varied and diverse users, many of whom are unfamiliar with the workings of a computer, but who, nevertheless, want to use those databases more easily. Rising to meet this demand, authors are developing a Japanese language interface, called KID, as a database front-end system. KID …...

The paper describes a progrmn which has been constructed to produce English strings from a case-labellea depenaency representation. The program uses an especially single and uniform control structure with a well defined separation of the different knowledge sources used during ge~,eration. Furthermore, the majority of t/le syst~n's knowledge is expressed …...

Hiyan Alshawi, Bran Boguraev, Ted Briscoe Computer Laboratory, Cambridge University Corn Exchange Street Cambridge CB2 3QG, U.K. In this article we describe research on the development of large dictionaries for natural language processing. We detail the development of a dictionary support environment linking a restructrured version of the Longman Dictionary …...

The UCREL team at the University of Lancaster is engaged in the development of a robust parsing mechanism, which will assign the appro- priate grammatical structure to sentences in unconstrained English text. The techniques used involve the calculation of probabilities for competing structures, and are based on the techniques successfully …...

A recognition grammar to supply information to a text-to-speech system for the synthesis of Italian must rely heavily upon lexical information, in order to instantiate the appropriate grammatical relations. Italian is an almost free word order language which nonetheless adopts fairly analysable stra- tegies to move major constituents: some of …...

This paper is concerned with the specifications and the implementation of a particular concept of word-based lexicon to be used for large natural language processing systems such as machine translation systems, and compares it with the morpheme-based conception of the lexicon traditionally assumed in computational linguistics. It will be argued …...

This paper introduces a special programming environment for the definition of grammars and for the implementation of corresponding parsers. In natural language processing systems it is advantageous to have linguistic knowledge and processing mechanisms separated. Our environment accepts grammars consisting of binary dependency relations and grammatical functions. Well-formed expressions of …...

OBJECTS FOR LINGUISTIC INFORMATION PROCESSING Helene Bestougeff, Gerard Ligozat CNRS-Universite Paris VII Z,Place Jussieu 75005 PARIS FRANCE ABSTRACT Programming languages which have adequate primitives for linguistic information processin~ and a clear semantics at the formal computational level are now slowly emergin~ as a convergent effort from computer science, linguistics, and …...

The paper presents the general design and the first results of a research project whose long term goal is to develop and implement ALICE, an experimental system capable of augmenting its knowledge base by processing natural language texts. ALICE (an acronym for Automatic Learning and Inference Computerized Engine) is an …...

We introduce several general notions concerning the texts and the particularities of text proces- sing on a computer support, in relation to some problems which are specific to M(A)T. And we present the solution we have proposed for the duration of the EUROTRA project....

The METAL machine translation project incorporates two methods of structural transfer - direct transfer and transfer by grammar. In this paper I discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these two approaches in general and with respect to the METAL project, and argue that, for many applications, a combination of the …...

The Linguistics Research Center (LRC) at the University of Texas at Austin is currently developing METAL, a fully-automatlc high quality machine translation system, for market...

The SAUMER system uses specifications of natural language grammars, which consist of rules and metarules. to provide a semantic interpretation of an input sentence. The SAUMER ' Specification Language (SSL) is a programming language which combin~ some of the features of generalised phrase structure grammars (Gazdar. 1981 ). like the …...

It has traditionally been assumed that Natural Language uses explicit quantifier expressions (such as "all" and "most", "the" and "a") for the purpose of quantification. We argue that expressi- ons of the first type are comparatively rare in real world Natural Language sentences, and that the latter (articles) cannot be …...

This paper reflects the view that the decoding of speech, either by computer systems or people, must to a large extent be determined by the ways in which the speaker has encoded the information necessary for its comprehension. We therefore place great emphasis on the use of psycholinguistics as a …...

AI dialog systems are now developing from question-answering systems toward advising systems. This includes: discussed here, but see (Jameson, Wahlster 1982). The second part of this paper presents user modelling with respect to a dialog strategy which selects and verbalizes the appropriate speech act of recommendation. - structuring dialog - …...